Churn.



Attorn eys.

PATENTED 001. 24, 1905. F B, MOKENNEY.

0mm. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 3, 1905.

TTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patentel Oct. 2%, 1905.

Application filed June 3, 1905. Serial No. 263,614.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK B. MGKENNEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Weston, in the county of Lewis and State of West Virginia, have invented a new and useful Churn, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to churns, and is designed more particularly as an improvement on a churn for which I secured Letters Patent of the United States No. 629,588, July 25, 1899.

The objects of the present invention are to improve the construction of the dasher-rodactuating mechanism in such manner as to permit churning either by hand or by foot power and without any danger of the hand operating mechanism contacting with the legs of the churner.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved form of counterweight whereby the resistance presented by the pedallifting springs may be compensated for in such manner as that only a minimum of power will be required to effect the operation of the machine.

With the above and other objects in view, as will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the novel construction and combination of parts of a churn, as will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which like characters of reference indicate correspond ing parts. Figure l is a view in perspective of a churn constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional detail view exhibiting more particularly the manner in which the dasher-shaft is combined with the actuating mechanism. Fig. 3 is a vertical detail sectional view through the crosshead.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the base of the machine, consisting, essentially, of two side pieces 2 and a platform 3, secured thereto. Secured to the base-piece in any preferred manner are two uprights A, which are connected at their upper ends and rendered rigid by a cross-piece 5. The inner or opposed faces of the uprights are provided with guideways 6, which are adapted to be engaged by the reduced terminals of a crosshead 7. Connected with the under side of the uprights are the upper ends of two rods 8, the lower ends of which are suitably connected with a pair of pedals 9, that are secured to a cross-piece 10, journaled for rocking movement in the side pieces. As clearly shown, the opposed faces of the pedals are cut away thus to prevent any interference with the churn O, which may be of the usual or any preferred construction. Secured to the crosspiece 10 and to a second cross-piece 11, connected to the under side of the pedals 9, is a foot-piece 12, which extends some distance beyond the cross-piece 11 and has connected with it the lower end of a rod 13, the upper end of which is secured to a part of a rectangular frame or lever 14, consisting of two side pieces 15, pivoted to the uprights 4, an end piece 16, constituting a handle, and a brace-bar 17, which connects the side pieces and renders them rigid and to which is secured the upper end of the connecting-rod 13.

It will be noted by reference to Fig. 1 that the upper ends of the pedals 9 project over the platform 3, and these extensions by con tacting with the base operate as stops to limit the downward movement of the pedals and at the same time the downward movement of the lever 14, whereby the latter is prevented from striking the knees of the operator. The object in providing the lever or frame 14 is to enable the operator to use both of his feet and his hands in churning, so that when the former become tired the latter may take up the work, and so on.

As a means for holding the pedals in elevated position, or that shown in Fig. 1, two coiled springs 18 are employed, the lower ends of which are connected with the extensions of the pedal and the upper ends with the uprights. As the greatest resistance to operation will be upon the downward movement of the pedals, which is due to the fact that the tension of the springs has to be overcome, it is desirable that means should be employed whereby the resistance of the springs. to extension shall be reduced to a minimum. This is secured by the employment of an adjustable counterweight 19, which is secured to the cross-head 7 by means of thumb-screws 20. This counterweight is by preference provided on one side with a channel to straddle the cross-head and has its terminal portions rabbeted, as at 21, and engaging the rabbeted portions are a plurality of detachable counterweights 22, that are held combined with the counterweight 19 by t'he thumbscrews 20. By positioning or removing the counterweights 22 the adjustment of the ten sion of the spring may be secured in a-read'y and practical manner.

In order to hold the dasher-rod D opera tivel y and detachably combined with the crosshead, there is provided an L-bolt 23, which is adapted to embrace or bear against the dasherrod, as shown in Fig. 2, a winged nut 24:, carried by the bolt, serving to clamp firmly upon the dasher-rod. It will be seen by this arrangement that when it is desired to remove the dasherrod from the cross-head it will only be necessary to loosen the nut 24: and turn the hooked extremity of the bolt to one side, when the dasherrod with the dasher may readily be removed from the churn. To cause the dasher-rod to occupy a plane as near the center of the cross-head as possible, the latter as Well as the counterweight l9 and cross-piece 5 are grooved or rabbeted for the purpose.

In operation of the device when the cream:

has been supplied to the churn the operator can use either the pedals or the lever 14 for actuating the dasher, so that there will be no necessity for any stoppage in the operation from the time it begins until it is finished, for

the reason that if the feet of theoperator tire the handle may be operated by the hands, and

so on.

The improvements herein described while simple in character will be found thoroughly effective for the purposes designed and will operate ina positive manner to secure the objects sought.

,7 a ine thus de ribed t ein s what is claimed is? 1'. In a churn, dasher-rod-operating mechanism embodying a cross-head, pedal mechanism operatively connected therewith, and hand-actuated dasher-rod-operating mechanism operatively connected with the supporting-frame of the cross-head and with the pedal mechanism.

2. In a churn, a supporting-frame, a crosshead combined for reciprocatory movement therewith, a spring-drawn pedal, a connection between the pedal and the cross-head, a handle pivotally connected with the supporting- :trame, and a connection between the handle and the pedal.

3. In a churn, dasher-rod-operating mechanism embodying a cross-head, pedal mechanism operatively connected therewith, handactuated dasher-rod-operating mechanism operatively connected'with the su pportingframe of the cross-head and with the pedal mechanism, and an adjustable counterweight combined with the cross-head.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto afiixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANK B. MOKENNEY.

Witnesses J. H. JocHUM, Jr., L. L. MoRRILL. 

